Family and Obese Children in Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Choose one health promotion theory covered during this paper. Define this theory; explain its origins; and explore why you chose this theory. Answer: Family and obese children in Australia Behavioural or Behaviourism theory is a learning concept concentrating on objectively evident behaviours and deducts any independent actions of the mind. Behaviour theologist defines learning as acquisition of new activities based on environmental conditions. Experiment by the behaviourist identifies conditioning as a general learning process. There are various kinds of conditioning, each producing an unlike behavioural design. Classical conditioning happens when a natural correspond to the stimulus. Behavioural conditioning arises when a reaction to a stimulus is protected. If a reward trails the response to a stimulus, then the result becomes possible in forthcoming. For instance, B.F Skinner utilised strengthening method to train pigeons to dance (Skinner, 2014, p. 15). The theory of behaviour combined the elements of philosophy, methodology and psychology theory. The first derivatives of behaviourism can be found back in the 19th century when Thorndike Edward established the law of effect. During the 20th century Watson. John invented procedural behaviourism which overruled thoughtful way and pursued to comprehend behaviour by only assessing notable events and practices (Skinner, 2014, p. 17). In 1930, B.F Skinner advocated that actions such as feelings should be exposed to the same governing variables as visible behaviours. As Ivan Pavlov and Watson examined the stimulus and reaction processes of classical conditioning, Skinner evaluated the guiding type of significances and its potential effect known as operant conditioning. Skinners radical behaviourism has been highly successful experimentally. Skinner realised that much human action could not be clarified by simple conditions that appeared to foresee animal reactions, though he did much labour with pigeons that supported in explaining more multifaceted behaviour (Keller and Schoenfeld, 2014, p. 21). In the 1960s, Albert Bandura supplemented social learning to the theory of behaviourism, displaying how interaction with other defines much how people reason and act in response. However, not until the 1980s when Fred Luthan applied the theory of behaviour to management and business (Keller and Schoenfeld, 2014, p. 23). Obesity occurrence has folded among grown-ups and overweight has trebled among kid since 1980s (Eysenck and Martin, 2013, p.8). Over the four decades, time spent in the intake of fast diet, sedentary activities, the operational situation, and the ratio of females in the workforce have transformed intensely. The collective influence due to change in eating and exercise routines embraced by the Australian have been dreadful. To inverse the obesity tendency situation, physical and social environment that is beneficial must advance. Behaviours tactics to weight loss have been confirmed to be the most effective at stimulating distinct health behaviours modifications. But, the changes will persevere if supported by school, family, organisations, communities, policies and work surroundings. Children obesity is a new epidemic of a contemporary society whose importance is far enormous regarding effects it creates. The price of having an obese preschooler will not only set a family back a few hundred dollars a year but also cost the nation more than $17 million" (Colagiuri et al., 2010, p. 260). The centre of research excellence in the early prevention of obesity in childhood research found that the annual direct cost to the Australian healthcare system is $17 million, and the cost to families is $367 a year compared to healthy weight youngsters (Colagiuri et al., 2010, p. 262). According to the study, around 20% of children are already overweight or obese by the time they start school and 5% of Australian children aged 2-4 years are categorised as obese (OECD, 2017, p. 2). It is alleged that approximately 20-40% of obese school-aged kids continue to be obese in youth and about 80% keep on being overweight in adulthood (Cecchini and Warin, 2016, p. 202). The matching compl ication in the upcoming years is cardiovascular disease, the risk of heart attack, and diabetes. Moreover, the concerns become not only a health problem of a person but also have its social implications such as sick leave, medical treatment, and reduced working capacity (Galbraith?Emami and Lobstein, 2013, p.260). New development in the communication policies includes understanding designs for food labelling, the use of public links and innovative tools for fitness promotion drives, mass media campaigns to increase public awareness, and reinforce regulations of advertising of possibly harmful products, mainly when focused to kids (OECD, 2017, p. 9). Comprehensive policy packages on the communication and school-based inventions, primary care setting interventions and broader fiscal, regulatory policies, offer a reasonable and cost-effective resolution to prevent obesity. For instance, Australia case study illustrates those users who accessed the food labelling figures chose meals with approximately 120kcal lower energy contents (Morley et al., 2013, p. 8). Additionally, the 2+5 a day mass campaign backed a population increase in the mean digit of vegetables and fruits serving by roughly 0.2 in Western Australia over three years (OECD, 2017, p. 9). Evaluation and designing The following are procedures for planning and assessing health promotion platforms they originate from the behavioural theory. The rules suggest that one should: evaluate the connection between various features of health and different condition of social and physical setting (Garbarino, 2017, p. 28). Also one should scrutinise the mutual influences of dispositional, demographical, behavioural, and progressive aspects of individuals' exposures and reactions to environmental demands and hazards. Additionally, one should identify the organisational and behavioural leverage point for the health promotions (Krishnan, 2010, p.12). One should also design social interpositions that have lasting positive impacts on well-being. Integration of biomedical, behavioural, regulations and environmental interventions for health promotions is also essential. Using multiple techniques to gauge the wellbeing and cost-effectiveness of universal packages is necessary. Lifestyles changes and weight control remain vibrant process where relapse is probably at any level of cure. Thus, there is keen attention in understanding the procedure that stimulates behaviour and efficient implementation of good conducts. Self-efficacy is a critical hypothesis favourite within the various theory of behavioural. According to the method, divergence and self-efficacy have to be present to activate. Active weight lessening programs are required to prevent the contemporary forms of obesity. Because the behavioural techniques to weight loss include lifestyle change of behaviour, it can provide optimism for a more prosperous long-term weight reduction. Behavioural-base packages contain a mixture of the following approaches; self-controlling, goals setting, modelling, stimulus control, reinforcement, cognitive behavioural methods, and relapse prevention (Eysenck and Martin, 2013, p.11). The behavioural theory strategies have proven to be useful for treating childhood ove rweight. However, childhood weight should be addressed by the family level since kids environment is primarily influenced by the parent decisions and behaviours. A family style may inspire parents to limit the period their kid spends in sedentary events such as establishing consistent snack and meal times, watching TV, removing tempting food from home and model healthy behaviours References Cecchini, M. and L. Warin. (2016). Impact of Food Labelling Systems on Food Choices and Eating Behaviours: A Systematic Review and Meta?analysis of Randomized Studies, Obesity Reviews, Vol. 17(3), pp. 201-210. Colagiuri, S., Lee, C. M., Colagiuri, R., Magliano, D., Shaw, J. E., Zimmet, P. Z., Caterson, I. D. (2010). The cost of overweight and obesity in Australia.Med J Aust,192(5), 260-4. Eysenck, H. J., and Martin, I. (Eds.). (2013).Theoretical foundations of behavior therapy. Springer Science Business Media, pp. 8-14. Galbraith?Emami, S. and T. Lobstein. (2013). The Impact of Initiatives to Limit the Advertising of Food and Beverage Products to Children: A Systematic Review, Obesity Reviews, Vol. 14(12), pp. 960-974. Keller, F. S., and Schoenfeld, W. N. (2014).Principles of psychology: A systematic text in the science of behavior(Vol. 2). BF Skinner Foundation, pp.21-29. Morley, B. et al. (2013). What Types of Nutrition Menu Labelling Lead Consumers to Select Less Energy-dense Fast Food? An Experimental Study, Appetite, Vol. 67, pp. 8-15. OECD .(2017). Obesity update. (2017). [Online]. Available from: https://www.oecd.org/els/health-systems/Obesity-Update-2017.pdf accessed on 26 March 2018, pp. 2-12 Skinner, B. F. (2014).Contingencies of reinforcement: A theoretical analysis(Vol. 3). BF Skinner Foundation, pp. 15-19.